Monday, August 24, 2020

Training Needs Assessment Paper

Preparing Needs Assessment for Chicago Transit Authority By Tammi Adams Table of Contents Executive Summary___________________________________________________ 3 Background of CTA___________________________________________________ 4 Needs Assessment Design, Implementation and Analysis_____________________5 Recommended Training Strategy and Design______________________________6 Cost/Benefit Analysis__________________________________________________ 8 Training Evaluation Plan_______________________________________________9 References___________________________________________________________10Executive Summary We here at CTA are focused on offering quality and safe assistance to our clients which is the reason we are submitted in ensuring that every certified individual are prepared to the best quality. This preparation needs appraisal is centered around the transport administrators of the CTA since they are the open essence of the office. Before any preparation can start people need to experience arrangement of test to check whether an individual is qualified. When an individual is qualified and recruited they will begin a multi week instructional course with qualified CTA instructors.This multi week instructional course will comprise of study hall work and out and about strategies. When the preparation has finished the learner will take a 100 inquiry test to perceive the amount they have adapted however out the instructional class. So as to the effectively pass the instructional class the student should go at any rate 80% of the test. In the event that a student has neglected to breeze through the test they will be given another opportunity, however on the off chance that they flop once more, potential work at CTA will be ended. After a learner has effectively passed the instructional class they will be known as an expert transport administrator and will begin dealing with their own.Once the transport administrator begins working an educator will come out aimles sly to watch them to check whether all principles and methods are being followed. CTA has concluded that like clockwork all transport administrators should take a recertification class to revive their aptitudes and learn new ones. Foundation of CTA The CTA is the nation’s second biggest open transportation framework which covers the City of Chicago and 40 of its encompassing rural areas. The CTA is given by their modes which are the transport and rail administration while the transport administration is the open substance of the organization. On a normal CTA gives more than 1. 4 million rides which represents 80% of all taken in the six area Chicago metropolitan district. CTA works 24 hours every day on a normal weekday. It has roughly 1,800 transports which works 140 courses. Transports give around one million traveler trips a day and serve in excess of 12,000 posted bus stations. The Chicago Transit Authority's 1,190 train vehicles works eight courses, its trains give aroun d 650,000 client trips every day and serve 144 stations in Chicago. CTA’s mission is to convey quality, reasonable travel benefits that connect, suburbanites, occupations, and communities.CTA has numerous qualities however the most significant one is furnishing travel administration with the best expectations of value and security for our clients. Another worth is that they center around taking care of business and will get individual fulfillment from the administration they give. With this being said while offering quality support it is significant that CTA has committed and dexterously prepared representatives. It is significant for the representatives to know about all methodology so they can offer support with elevated expectations. The particular situation at CTA I will talk about is the situation of Bus Operators.At CTA, transport administrators are the substance of the organization which is the reason it is significant for them to guarantee CTA’s objective of of fering quality and safe assistance to its clients. Transport administrators are the ones who work transport transportation over a course holding fast to a timetable in a safe effective and neighborly way to permit travelers to load up movement and land at booked stops. Needs Assessment Design, Implementation and Analysis At CTA security is its number 1 need, with this being said preparing certainly underpins the organization key direction.It is significant that each and every individual who works a transport realizes how to work it securely, know the standards of the street, what to do in the event of a mishap and knows all of CTA methods. With the best possible preparing CTA can lessen the quantity of mishaps it has had consistently and offer its clients the best travel administration. CTA has concluded that all preparation will be done in-house and that all preparation be directed by CTA guaranteed Instructors. All educators are previous CTA transport administrators who have been transport administrators for more than 10 years and have a spotless driving record.The obligations of a transport administrator are exploring the transport through an alloted course, deals with the assortment of transport passages, gives client care to its travelers, report conditions that could imperil the wellbeing of the traveler or different individuals from general society and keeps in touch with dispatch and reports current position and conditions influencing the activity of the course as required and helps with stacking, making sure about, and emptying wheelchairs and travelers. Before anybody can begin preparing with CTA there are a couple of capabilities they should have. They initially should pass a character test.The reason being is to figure out what sort of individual you are and how you would deal with specific circumstances that may emerge while you are working your transport. Before preparing can start all students must have a secondary school certificate and have fu ndamental aptitudes, for example, composing, correspondence and perusing. Transport administrators must have the option to speak with its travelers in an expert way and alongside having the option to peruse street signs. Before learners begin instructional courses they should have a spotless driving record and a substantial class B Commercial Driver’s License with an unlimited traveler endorsement.Recommended Training Strategy and Design The preparation will incorporate study hall work, and out and about preparing strategies to guarantee that all representatives will be set up for having the option to take a shot at their own. The study hall meeting will comprise of learning the activity of an open transport which will incorporate acclimation with all wellbeing highlights and its framework. It will likewise incorporate learning traffic rules, guidelines and laws, gain proficiency with the charge structure, and figure out how to peruse schedules.Included will likewise be point s, for example, how to give emergency treatment help with the occasion of a mishap; advancing travel rider-transport inside the Municipality and how to keep up a functioning relationship that is proficient with your colleagues, bosses and travelers. The out and about preparing strategies will comprise of how to work a transport in a protected, proficient and opportune way to conform to every administrative necessity and all guidelines. A portion of the procedures that will be found out is the way to make a privilege and left turn, how to check the transport and figuring out how to change lanes.Training will likewise incorporate how to work and use standard wellbeing hardware that is introduced in travel traveler vehicles, including; security saddles, limitations and other gear that is required by state and government guidelines. When this has been built up the student will collaborate with a transport line educator to learn different courses and they will likewise perceive how it is to drive in administration with travelers. During this time the transport line teacher will watch the trainee’s driving, gathering pay passages and furthermore how they are managing travelers that on board the bus.All preparing at CTA comprises of about a month, Mon through Fri 8 hours every day: fourteen days of study hall work, multi week of out and about preparing and multi week of driving with a transport administrator to become familiar with the entirety of the courses. When the learner has finished these a month of preparing they will be required to take a 100 inquiry test on everything that has been learned all through the instructional class. So as to pass the preparation the learner will be required to breeze through 80% of the assessment. On the off chance that a student doesn't go in any event 80% of the test they will have one-on-one preparing with an educator for multi week on points that they are battling with.After broad preparing another test will be given an d the learner must breeze through this assessment or, more than likely they won't be recruited for work with CTA. Direct Cost| Cost/Benefit Analysis| In-house educators (20 [emailâ protected] $480)| $9,600 | Materials ($40 *20 trainees)| $800 | Compensation for Trainees| | Trainees salaries| $32,000 | Total preparing cost| $42,400 | Cost per trainee| $2,120 | Training Evaluation Plan After the learner has finished all assessments and has begun taking a shot at their own, a teacher will ride with the administrator and watched them to check whether all guidelines are being followed properly.Not just will teachers ride with new administrators, they will additionally ride with all administrators at irregular to check whether they are adhering to all standards and systems of the organization. CTA will likewise employ spotters who will go out and watch administrators to check whether systems are being taken care of appropriately and if methodology are not followed the spotter will report the administrator to CTA authorities. Something else that CTA does to guarantee that preparation is followed adequately is that once another transport administrator has begun they will be assessed each month for a year to check whether there have been any infringement or accidents.In expansion CTA will likewise give on-going training administrations (recertification class) with the goal that workers may keep on invigorating existing capabilities and get new aptitudes. This sort of preparing will be given to all representatives at regular intervals. A retraining class will likewise be given to an administrator on the off chance that they have been engaged with a mishap by which it was their issue. This sort of preparing will comprise of what may have been done to maintain a strategic distance from the mishap alongside going over vital techniques.This preparing can run from 1 to 5 days relying upon how genuine the mishap was. A test will likewise be given after retraining to ins

Saturday, August 22, 2020

King Lear :: King Lear

Ruler Lear Ruler Lear of Britain has chosen to resign his seat. So as to offer his realm between his three little girls; Goneril, Regan and Cordelia he assembles them. He will probably part the realm between them dependent on each’s articulation of adoration for him. The two more seasoned girls pleasantly talk their way in their father’s heart for sizable realms. Cordelia in any case, the most youthful and Lear’s top choice, sees the evil inspirations of her sisters and discloses to her dad of her profound genuine sentiments. Lear not hearing the sweet words that he expected, is terrified to such an extent that he ousts her. She leaves the nation to wed the King of France. The Earl of Kent, Lear’s confided in advocate, by coming to Cordelia’s resistance is likewise ousted. Kent anyway observing the threat that Lear has placed himself in camouflages himself as a worker. He stays near Lear to shield the ruler from Goneril and Regan who have viscously chosen to usurp their father’s seat. In the interim the Earl of Gloucester is additionally unnerved by an ongoing new development in his family. His ill-conceived child Edmund has drawn out into the open proof that Edgar, Gloucester’s real beneficiary has contrived to murder him. The proof is bogus; notwithstanding, as it Edmund who is plotting to get his brother’s inheritance. Having parted with his realm, Lear means to spend the remainder of his days going between the homes of his two little girls. Accepting that he can stay at each for a month at once, he shows up at the home of Goneril joined by a gathering of 100 disorderly knights. In spite of the fact that he had expected to stay in power, since he has parted with his capacity and income he is not, at this point regarded by his little girls. Goneril rapidly accepts the open door to stigmatize her dad. Her steward Oswald is told to madden him. As Oswald attempts to do as such, the hidden Kent comes to Lear’s safeguard and embarrasses Oswald.

Monday, July 20, 2020

Everything You Need to Know When an Employee Takes a Leave of Absence

Everything You Need to Know When an Employee Takes a Leave of Absence As a human resource professional, it is very important to know everything there is to know about employee leave of absence.Being conversant with the legal requirements when it comes to employee leave of absence will help you minimize the effect of employee absence on your business, while at the same time ensuring that employees have time to deal with personal and medical issues.This is especially important when you consider that absence by a single employee can cost a company up to $3,600 per year, according to a publication published by Circadian, a workforce solution company.Understanding everything that comes with employee leave of absence also makes it easier for human resource professionals to keep track of all the various types of leaves, as well as what is required of the company when an employee takes the leave of absence.It also helps protect the company from costly litigation that could arise in case an employee files a dispute for not having their leave of absence treated as it should.To help with this, we have put together a comprehensive guide that will teach you everything you need to know about employee leave of absence.WHAT IS LEAVE OF ABSENCE? A leave of absence is a period of time when an employee is permitted to be absent from work without losing the status of employee.Generally, employees ask for a leave of absence in order to deal with unusual or unexpected personal circumstances.The term leave of absence does not typically include other periods away from work that are covered under an employee’s existing benefits, such as sick leave, paid time off, and paid holidays and vacations.There are two types of employee leave of absence: mandatory and voluntary. Source: Federal Statistical OfficeMANDATORY LEAVE OF ABSENCEMandatory leaves of absence are leaves that are governed by federal and/or state laws.Under mandatory leaves of absence, it is mandatory for the employer to grant the leave of absence to an eligible employee under the circumstances stipulated in the laws governing the leave of absence.Mandatory leaves of absence are usually granted for medical reasons, though there are other circumstances that are also covered, such as military duty.It is important to note that the laws governing mandatory leave may or may not apply to your company, depending on the number of employees and where an employee is working.Below are the different types of mandatory leave of absence.Medical Leave of AbsenceThis is a leave of absence that is granted to employees to allow them to deal with medical/health related issues. Medical leaves of absence are usually covered by the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1993.Under the act, an employee is enti tled to up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave per year, during which the employer is expected to hold the employee’s job.FMLA leave may be granted for a number of family related and medical reasons, such as childbirth, caring for an infant within one year of birth, or adopting and providing a child with foster care within the first year, dealing with a health condition that makes it impossible for the employee to do their job, caring for a family member (child, parent, or spouse) with a critical health condition, and certain military reasons, such as caring for a service member.In order for an employee to be eligible for FMLA leave, they must:Work for an employer who is covered by the FMLA act.Have worked for the employer for 12 months or more.Have worked with that employer for at least 1250 hours within the preceding 12 months.Work at a location where the employer has 50 or more employees working within a 75 mile radius from the employee’s worksite.Is Your Company Required to Comply w ith the FMLA?Your company is required to comply with the FMLA if:It is a covered employer.It has eligible employees who qualify for FMLA leave.Covered EmployersAny private sector employer with 50 or more employees for at least 20 weeks in the current or preceding year is covered by the FMLA.The 50 or more employees includes employees employed under seasonal, temporary, or part-time contracts.Government and other public agencies, as well as schools are covered by the FMLA regardless of the number of employees they have.Eligible EmployeesIn order for an employee to be eligible to FMLA leave, they must work for an employer with 50 or more employees within a 75 mile radius from the employees work location, they should have worked for the employer for 12 months or more, and they should have worked for the employer for not less than 1250 hours during the 12 months preceding the FMLA leave.Employers are allowed to request for a medical certification from a doctor or other health profession al before granting FMLA leave.Employee Rights Under FMLAAn employee is allowed to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid medical leave within a 12 month period.Once the employee is back from their leave, they should be reinstated to their original job, or to a job position that is equivalent to their original job in terms of remuneration, employee benefits, and any other terms and conditions of their original job, such as seniority.The employee should also not lose any of their other benefits, such as group healthcare coverage, provided they continue making their monthly contributions to the group healthcare coverage.It should continue as though the employee never left. Employees who take leave for military family reasons are entitled to some additional benefits.It is good to note that employees are not entitled to receive a salary during an FMLA leave, since the leave is unpaid.However, if an employee has available paid sick off and they choose to use it, they will continue receiving their salary until their paid sick off is depleted.Some companies might also have a policy that requires the employee to use up their paid time off before progressing to unpaid leave.ADA LeaveEmployees can also take unpaid medical leave under the Americans With Disabilities (ADA) Act.Under this act, employees who have a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities are entitled to several rights, including the right to an accommodation (a change in work facilities, policies, or nature of work) that makes it easier for them to do their work.Being granted a leave of absence is one such accommodation. Unlike the FMLA, the ADA leave does not have a defined period of time that an employee is permitted to be away from work.The amount of leave granted under the ADA Act will vary depending on the job as well as the nature of the disability.Employers are required to grant ADA leave as a form of reasonable accommodation, unless granting the leave would ca use undue hardship to the employer.There is no standard metric for determining undue hardship. Instead, it is evaluated based on several factors, including how much the accommodation (ADA leave) disrupts the employer’s job operations and the financial resources of the employer.Employees who have exhausted their FMLA leave may also extend their leave under the ADA act, since their medical condition might be taken as a disability that limits their ability to perform their duties. However, it is possible for an employee to be granted FMLA leave and denied ADA leave.If an employee exhausts their FMLA leave and decides to extend the leave under the ADA act, it is up to the employer to determine what extension is reasonable, provided the leave does not cause undue hardship on the employer.When an employer is unable to hold a position any longer for an employee who is on ADA leave, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) suggests that the employer should consider reassigning t he employee to another vacant position, which the employee would assume once their leave is over.If no vacant position is available, it is the employer’s discretion to decide whether to let go of the employee or to place them in unprotected leave and give them whatever position is vacant once they are ready to come back to work.Military Family LeaveWhile military family leave falls under the FMLA, I mentioned that those who take leave for military family issues are entitled to some additional rights.Under the military family leave, service members and their families are guaranteed to types of leave:Military caregiver leave: Employees whose family member (parent, child, spouse, or next of kin) is a service member and is ill or has been injured are entitled to up to 26 weeks of unpaid leave to take care of their military family member.Qualifying exigency leave: Having a family member who is a service member deployed for duty in a foreign country brings with it a number of issues. Em ployees whose family member (parent, child, spouse, or next of kin) is in the military and has been deployed to a foreign country, or given a notice of deployment, are allowed to take a leave of absence to deal with these issues.Jury Duty LeaveUnder the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), employers are not required to pay their employees for time they take off work in order to fulfill civic duty.The act, however, allows employees to fulfill their service on a federal jury without the risk of their employment being terminated.However, some states require the employer to pay a stipend to employees who are away from work as jurors.USERRA: Military Service LeaveMilitary service members who are part of a reserve component are allowed to hold civilian jobs until they are required to join active duty.Under the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA), such service members are entitled to an unpaid, protected leave of absence whenever they are called upon to join acti ve duty.Under the USERRA, such service members are permitted to be away from work for active military duty for up to five years without losing their status as an employee.State-Specific Leaves of AbsenceSome leaves of absence are only applicable in some states and not in others, governed by their specific state laws.Some examples of state-specific leaves of absence include:Victim Leave: This is a leave of absence that is meant to protect an employee’s job when the employee is required to attend judicial proceedings related to a crime committed against them. Many states offer victim leave.Voting Leave: Several states also have laws that require employers to grant voting leave to their employees on Election Day. This leave is usually unpaid, and the duration of the leave will vary from state to state.Other State Leaves: Different states have several other state leaves that apply to the specific states, such as Volunteer Civil Service Leave, Organ and Bone Marrow Donor Leave, School Appearance and Activities Leave, and so on.VOLUNTARY LEAVEVoluntary leave of absence is time away from work that is not protected by law. In other words, it is up to the employer to decide whether to grant the leave or not, and the employer is under no obligation to hold an employee’s position during a voluntary leave, though they may choose to do so.While voluntary leaves of absence are not required by law, most employers offer them as a courtesy to employees either as part of company policy, or as part of a collective bargaining agreement negotiated by a labor union.Employers usually offer voluntary leave for personal and medical reasons to employees who do not otherwise qualify for mandatory leaves or those who have exhausted all their time off.In most cases, employees are required to give at least 30 days’ notice when requesting for a voluntary leave for personal reasons.However, in cases where an employee becomes aware that they need time off in less than 30 days, they shou ld provide a notice as soon as reasonably practicable.An employer holds the discretion to deny personal leave requests that are not submitted according to company policy.Below are some of the most common types of voluntary leave:Parental LeaveWhile parental leave is usually covered under the FMLA, some companies grant their employees paid leave of absence to spend time caring for their newborn children.However, this is still not very common in the United States.According to data by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, only 15% of American workers were granted paid family leave in 2017.Vacation LeaveVacation leave is paid time away from work that is granted to an employee for the purpose of relaxation, rest, or to attend to personal affairs.Unlike most other leaves, vacation leave can be taken without condition, which means it is the discretion of the employee to decide when they want to take this leave and for what reason.This does not mean that an employee can wake up one day and decide that they want to take vacation leave. The employee is still required to request the vacation leave in accordance with company policy and with sufficient notice.However, there is no legal requirement that the employee is required to meet in order to be allowed to take vacation leave. It is the discretion of the employer to determine the length of vacation leave granted to each employee.Paid Sick LeavePaid sick leave refers to time away from work that an employer grants to employees to allow them to take care of their health and safety needs, without losing their pay for the days they spend away from home.Paid sick leave is usually provided voluntarily to employees as an employment benefit.According to a survey conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in March 2018, 74% percent of all workers in the US and 85% of full-time workers in the US receive paid sick leave as part of their benefits package.The number of sick days accrued by employees will vary from employer to employer, b ased on company policies.Some employers base the amount of sick days on the employee’s position within the company and the number of years they have worked for the company, while others give an equal number of sick days to all employees.Some employers also allow employees to roll over their unused sick days from one year to the next, while others apply a “use it or lose it” policy.Sometimes, paid sick leave combined with vacation leave is broadly referred to as paid time off (PTO).Bereavement/Funeral LeaveThis is time off from work that is granted to an employee who has lost a family member, a relative, or a close friend.Bereavement leave is granted to allow the employee to deal with issues such as making arrangements for the funeral, attending the funeral, paying their last respects to the deceased, handling matters related to the deceased’s estate and will, and any other issues that the employee might be required to address following the death of a loved one.Since bereavem ent leave is voluntary, it is up to the employer to decide whether the employee will be paid during the leave or not, as well as the amount of time to grant the bereaved employee.However, most companies usually grant employees a bereavement leave of three days when the deceased is an immediate family member, and one day for relatives and friends.Holidays and Religious Observances LeaveSince companies will usually have employees from various racial, ethnic and religious backgrounds, companies should take care to give employees the freedom to observe their religious holidays, since denial of such freedoms might come across as religious discrimination.By denying employees time off to celebrate religious holidays, you could be putting your company at risk for a discrimination lawsuit.While there is no federal law that mandates employers to provide employees with time off for religious holidays, all companies with 15 or more employees are required to comply with the Title VII of the Civi l Rights Act of 1964.Among other things, this act states that employers may not apply differential treatment to employees because of their religious affiliations, and requires employers to make reasonable accommodations to employees for religious observances, provided the accommodation does not cause undue hardship on the employer.Giving employees time off to observe religious holidays is one such accommodation.However, the employer is under no obligation to pay the employee for time taken off work to observe religious holidays. It is the employer’s discretion to determine whether religious observances leave is paid or unpaid.DEALING WITH ABUSE OF LEAVE POLICIESSometimes, employees will take advantage of your leave policy to take time off from work for dubious reasons.For instance, if employees routinely call in sick on the day before or after a holiday, this could be a sign that they are probably not sick, and are only taking advantage of your leave policy to extend their holiday .Below are some tips that will help you reduce abuse of your leave policy.Have a Written PolicyThe first step to preventing employees from taking leaves for dubious reasons is to have a written policy explaining everything about leave benefits, including requirements for leave benefit, criteria for eligibility, circumstances under which employees may be granted leave, and the process of requesting for leave.Ask for Advance NoticeUnless in cases of unforeseeable circumstances, have the employee provide an advance notice about the need to take leave.Even when the circumstances are unforeseeable, the employee should give a notice as soon as practically possible.Ask for DocumentationMany leave laws allow employers to ask for reasonable documentation as proof of the employee’s need for leave.For example, where an employee has taken an extended leave for medical reasons, an employer might ask for certification from a medical practitioner.However, it is good to review your state laws to identify documentation that may have attached restrictions.Prohibit MoonlightingSome employees may take extended medical leave and then spend that time working for themselves or another employer.To prevent this, you might include a clause in your leave policy prohibiting employees from doing other work when they are on medical or family leave, since the condition for the leave is that they are unable to work since they are sick or caring for a sick family member.WRAPPING UPWhile employee absence can have huge impacts on a business, and despite an employer’s best efforts at minimizing the time employees spend away from work, life happens, and it is inevitable that employees will find themselves in circumstances that require them to take some time off work.Knowing the situations when you are required to grant your employees a leave of absence not only helps to keep your employees loyal, happy and productive, it can also keep you from finding yourself and your company facing costly l egal suits for not complying with regulations pertaining to employee leave of absence.

Thursday, May 21, 2020

Analysis Of The Movie Emmy - 1504 Words

In my interpretation, Emmy has always been corrupted by colonial fantasies, but according to Wartenberg, the â€Å"attraction these two have for one another has nothing to do with the allure of an exoticized, forbidden Other. Ali and Emmy are simply two people who have managed to open themselves up to one another in the way we call love.† Here, he’s referring to the initial attraction that draws the couple together, which he attributes to their mutual loneliness. To Wartenberg, â€Å"they seem untroubled by the social differences between them,† and later in the film, it is Emmy’s possibility of belonging to the dominant group that builds resentment in their relationship. (178). I see why Wartenberg believes there to be no intrinsic colonial element in their relationship, but this is a superficial interpretation—as I established before, Emmy can demonstrate affection toward Ali while possessing the subconscious desire to dominate him. In the scene wh ere Ali visits Emmy’s apartment for the first time, having been invited over for coffee, Emmy reveals her history of colonial fantasies. Her late husband was a Polish Fremdarbeiter, a forced laborer in Nazi Germany, and Emmy explicitly points out that he was â€Å"not German.† Even though his skin color was presumably the same as Emmy’s, Germany treated Poland in a similar way that it treated its colonies, so Emmy likely viewed him as the colonial inferior. What’s more, Emmy admits that she was a Nazi herself. Of course, one could defend her byShow MoreRelatedShadow of the Doubt Last Scene1205 Words   |  5 PagesThe movie Shadow of a Doubt is an American thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock in 1943, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Writing and Original Story by Thornton Wilder and Sally Benson. The movie notes the outstanding and remarkable film-making style of Hitchcock. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Frederick Douglas A Man And Slave Woman - 1159 Words

Frederick Douglas: Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey was born in February 1818 on the eastern shore of Maryland whose parent were a white man and slave woman by the name of Harriet Bailey. He was name after his mother, Harriet Bailey, but he only saw her a couple of times. At the age eight or nine he was sent to live with family of his slave owner’s in Baltimore, Maryland. By the age of fifteen, Frederick was literate. Around this same time, he went back to his owner to work as a field hand. Disguised as a sailor with a friend’s passport on September 3, 1838, three years after his return to the eastern shore, he got on train from Baltimore and went to New York City where he said I a free man. To avoid being recaptured he changed his name to Frederick Douglass. He went to Massachusetts and spoke about his experiences with slavery and how the country needs to get rid of it. He was soon traveling across the north speaking against slavery. To prove that he was a real fugitive slave he wro te his first autobiography The Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass (1845). In the autobiography, he revealed his original name, his owner’s name, and where he was born, which put Douglass in danger of being returned back into slavery. So he had to flee again and this time he went overseas where he continued to speak against slavery. The British supporters were captivated with his story and they purchased his freedom. Two years after having his freedom purchased, Douglas came back toShow MoreRelatedEssay on Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas718 Words   |  3 PagesLife of Frederick Douglas Frederick Douglas, a slave born in Tuckahoe Maryland, was half white and half black. His mother was a black woman and his father a white man. Though he never knew his father, there was word that it was his master. Douglas wrote this narrative and I felt that it was very compelling. It really showed me the trials and tribulations that a black man went through during times of slavery. In his early years, Douglas lived on a farm where he watched many slaves receiveRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1300 Words   |  6 PagesThe Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass gives readers a  detailed  overview  of the life of a slave who share his own personal  experiences and struggles from a slave to a freeman.   Frederick Douglass was born in Talbot county, Maryland. He was the son of Harriet Bailey and his father was a white man   (Douglass 1). After living with his master for nine months, Frederick was sent to stay with Mr. Covey, a man who is known for â€Å"breaking down young slaves† (Douglass 34). But while he was at Mr Covey’sRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglas An American Slave1450 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative of the life of Frederick Douglas an American slave, is showing a highway map, displaying the road to how the slavery went to freedom. Douglas at the opening of the book was a slave in b oth his body and mind. Then at the end good things happened to him, he gets legal freedom and frees his mind. The events in the book are good points in Frederick’s life, in the book it explains how he get there, and what he had to do and learn along the road. Where it first starts is Douglas realizes what slaveryRead MoreThe Declaration Of The Rights Of Man And Citizen By Frederick Douglas And The Important Men1298 Words   |  6 PagesRights of Man and Citizen was written, this caused a wave of revolution. This Declaration had an impact on populations such as Haiti, but also had a major impact on countless other slave populations. For the basis of slavery, we read through Abina and the Important men and saw how different characters in the story defined the term slavery. Another view came from a former slave Frederick Douglas who was a leading abolitionist. For this paper, I will be comparing a document from Frederick Douglas and theRead MoreThe New Land Of America Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pagespositions. According to the professor of history at South Carolina State University, Doctor Stanley Harrold, â€Å"The Atlantic slave trade began in Africa in the mid-1400s and lasted into the 19th century. Initially, Portuguese traders purchas ed small numbers of slaves from kingdoms on the western coast of Africa and transported them for sale in Portugal and Spain. The Atlantic slave trade did not become a huge enterprise until after European nations began colonizing the Americas during the 1500s. DuringRead MoreFrederick Douglas And Henry David Thoreau950 Words   |  4 PagesFrederick Douglas and Henry David Thoreau The life and works of Henry David Thoreau and Frederick Douglass’ has had a lasting impact in the literary field since there work is studied now in most colleges. Although, the writers travelled in the same circle and were both friends of Ralph Waldo Emerson the pair were not friends. In looking at the life and works of the two dynamic literary giants analyzing their common goals, work, and their place in Transcendentalist history will bring more understandingRead MoreMasculinity: Slavery in the United States and Douglass Pg1239 Words   |  5 Pagess and the culture of the Igbo people. The novel is about a man named Okonkwo, and his growth for respect, fortune and power which in the end leads to his expected death. His great power did not come to an end because of colonization, but rather his downfall was his obsession with masculinity. The narrative of Frederick Douglass also defines masculinity. The narrative of Frederick Douglass took place in America. During slavery, F rederick Douglass was limited to plantation work because blacks wereRead MoreLife of a Slave Girl and Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass1524 Words   |  6 PagesAuthor C.S. Lewis in the Horse and the Boy provided the perfect statement about slavery, â€Å"But one of the worst results of being a slave and being forced to do things is that when there is no one to force you any more you find you have almost lost the power of forcing yourself†. One of the most important aspects of anybody’s life and also thought to be the meaning of life is, for everybody to what they want when they want as long as they are not hurting anybody else. A life spent playing by somebodyRead MoreFDFinalEssay 11578 Words   |  7 Pageson humanity. Ultimately, when a man’s ability surpasses any societal limitations, greed, lust, and pride tempt his morality which usually fails to persist. In his novel, the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Frederic k Douglas reminisces on personal experiences as a slave while concurrently investigating the paradoxical nature of Southern slaveholders. He delves into the mystery of a white man’s ability to suppress another human being while remaining completely ignorantRead MorePresident Abraham Lincoln, Frederick Douglas, and Susan B. Anthony1415 Words   |  6 Pagesownership were established for blacks. Many historical figures defended the rights of those marginalized. Among them President Abraham Lincoln, who instituted the abolition of slavery in 1865 and set the basis for reconstruction in 1862, Frederick Douglas, a former slave who spoke for slaves freedom and after emancipation, for the rights of the newly freed, and Susan B. Anthony, a Quaker abolitionist, whom together with others started the suffrage movement. Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was born

Fredrick Douglass Free Essays

Fredrick Douglass Essay The great civil rights activist Frederick Douglass was born into slavery on a Maryland Eastern Shore plantation in February 1818. His given name, Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, seemed to portend an unusual life for this son of a field hand and a white man, most likely Douglass’s first master, Captain Aaron Anthony. Perhaps Harriet Bailey gave her son such a distinguished name in the hope that his life would be better than hers. We will write a custom essay sample on Fredrick Douglass or any similar topic only for you Order Now She could scarcely imagine that her son’s life would continue to be a source of interest and inspiration nearly 190 years fter his birth. Indeed, it would be hard to find anyone who more closely embodies this year’s Black History Month theme, â€Å"From Slavery to Freedom: Africans in the Americas. † Like many in the nineteenth-century United States, Frederick Douglass escaped the horrors of slavery to enjoy a life of freedom, but his unique personal drive to achieve Justice for his race led him to devote his life to the abolition of slavery and the movement for black civil rights. His fiery oratory and extraordinary achievements produced a legacy that stretches his influence across the centuries, aking Frederick Douglass a role model for the twenty-first century. One reason Douglass’s story continues to resonate is that his life embodies the American dream of overcoming obstacles and reaching one’s goals. Young Frederick Bailey spent his first twenty years in slavery, first on a Talbot County, Maryland plantation, then in the ship-building city of Baltimore. In the first of three autobiographies, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, published in 1845, he recounts the adversity of his early life. He rarely saw his mother who worked as a ield hand, had barely enough clothes to cover his body, and had to eat from a trough like a farmyard animal. As he grew old enough to work he passed through a series of masters, some kind and some cruel. The influence of Frederick Douglass reaches beyond his symbolic role as America’s most famous former slave, although in his lifetime moving from slavery to freedom proved a tremendous accomplishment. He continues to be relevant to both history and modern American culture because he moved beyond enjoying freedom to edicate his life to the principle that struggle is necessary to achieve progress. His desire to make his world a more Just place led him to fght for the abolition of slavery and to support social Justice and civil rights for African Americans and women. We would do well to follow his example, and to take inspiration from his famous words that â€Å"It is not light that we need, but fire; it is not the gentle shower, but thunder. We need the storm, the whirlwind, and the earthquake. † Fredrick Douglass By Ishman2941 How to cite Fredrick Douglass, Papers

Sunday, April 26, 2020

The James Bond films Essay Example For Students

The James Bond films Essay The James Bond films are the most successful series of films ever made. All of the 19 Bond films are of the Action/Adventure genre containing guns, girls and a main boss. The James Bond films can also be classed in a sub-genre called Bond. All containing guns, girls and a main boss but also gadgets, fast cars, gambling and the drink- Vodka Martini; shaken not stirred as James Bond would say. The target audience for the Bond films is 12-30 year olds. The film appeals to this age group because people of this age are more interested in the fast action; the women and James Bond. We will write a custom essay on The James Bond films specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now (Men want to be him and women want him). Also the fast cars and guns appeal to this age group than to someone who is 60 years old. The World is not Enough is the 19th Bond film to be made. It is about Electra, the daughter or an incredibly rich oil pipeline owner called Sir Robert King. He owns a series of pipelines in Kazachstan. At the beginning of the film Bond retrieves Sir Roberts money, but on his return Sir Robert is assassinated and a chase ensues. Bond is chasing after a female assassin along the River Thames, but after catching up with her she kills herself. Electra is actually working with Renard (Bonds main opponent in the film) to destroy her rivals pipelines. MI6 does not know this so Bond is sent to kill Renard and protect Electra. Bond goes to a nuclear development site and meets another important character of the film, Dr Christmas Jones who is a nuclear scientist. When Bond goes down into the nuclear test facility at the development site he confronts Renard and after a gunfight Renard manages to escape. Afterwards, Electra contacts M and asks for more protection from M herself. When M arrives Bond is sent away to diffuse a bomb and while away Electra kidnaps M. Bond manages to escape the explosion and finds out that Electra is the traitor. M manages to contact 007 and he goes to save her and whilst saving her he kills Electra. Meanwhile, Renard has hijacked a nuclear submarine so Bond heads off to stop him. There he has a final showdown and he kills him. The most action packed part of the film is the opening sequence before the credits. It is always action packed so it grabs the attention of the audience and wets their appetite for the rest of the film, the opening sequence is also a perfect example of the Bond genre. Right at the beginning of The World Is Not Enough you see Bond in a Swiss Bank talking to the manager after retrieving some money for a businessman Robert King, a fight ensues and Bond escapes out of the window and heads back to MI6 Headquarters. Bond gives the money back to King and King leaves. Bond finds magnesium on his fingers meaning theres a bomb with the money but is too late to stop the bomb. A female assassin in a boat then shoots at Bond, she speeds off and Bond gives chase in one of Qs gadget boats. This chase eventually finishes with her killing herself after telling Bond, You could never protect me from him. The opening sequence itself is a perfect example of the Bond genre, using almost all of the conventions defined. Gadgets are used in all of the Bond films and in the opening sequence they are also used. I think gadgets appeals to the target audience because their funny and clever at the same time the intelligence of old man can get MI6s best agent out of even the toughest scrapes. They also have a commercial use in that the Bond car is always a well-known car manufacturer and having your logo on the car is a great advert for the company. .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 , .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 .postImageUrl , .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 , .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55:hover , .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55:visited , .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55:active { border:0!important; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55:active , .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55 .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uce114a2d6788e9fab89794392cea4a55:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Importance of Mockumentaries EssayMost of the gadgets have a certain familiarity about like the wrist- watch that is always tailor made for that mission Bond is on at the time and the Bond car that is always being upgraded to be even more destructive. There always clichi s involved with the gadgets for example, in the opening sequence when Bond dives under the water in the boat he adjusts his tie, also when he speeds past the traffic wardens and soaks them and we can never forget the Bond car getting destroyed in every film. These clichi s are used for humour as well as familiarity. Clichi s cant only be associated with gadgets they can also be associated with guns and women. The fact that Bond always has his small pistol and his enemies always have huge great guns with far more power than his adds to the humour. An example of this is in the opening sequence, when Bond is facing the female assassin. She has a huge laser sighted machine gun and a grenade launcher and he has his small pistol this is done to make the women look more butch and ruthless. Although at the end of the chase you find out that she is actually very scared and vulnerable, so scared of this man shed rather die than fail her task. The ongoing romance between Moneypenny and Bond is another clichi will they wont they, you never know. Women are used for humour as well, banter between Bond and Moneypenny and at the beginning of the film when a woman in the bank managers office asked to check her figures Bond replies, No, Im sure their perfectly round enough. The music in the Bond films is vital, the Bond theme tune has been in each and every Bond film to date. It is used to create tension and can be changed to for the scene it is used in, it is also changed to create a different type of tension be it humorous, sexual, cheeky or dangerous. There is an example of this in the opening sequence when Bond walks into the Swiss bank you hear the Bond theme being plucked on a guitar, you hear later on as well when Bond jumps out of the window and the music sounds cheeky. The chases/stunts/explosions are used in the opening sequence to really grab the attention of the audience, this convention is solely used in the chase down the River Thames, stunts are used to make Bond look much more daring/brave and basically much cooler. Explosions are used to produce a more realistic effect, I think this helps the audience to believe they really are a part of the film. The Bond films always have a very dangerous big boss baddie, although they are very dangerous they are usually a bit weak, Renard is dying, Dr No is some fat guy who is a cat and Elliot Carver was a geeky wimp. There is always a big baddie so there always something for Bond to go after, a main purpose. The opening sequence of The World is not Enough is a perfect example of the Bond genre, combining guns, girls, gadgets, music and explosions. It is all put together well and really does well to set up the rest of the film.

Wednesday, March 18, 2020

Free Essays on Success Of A Salesman

In the world of business it is everyone’s dream to become rich, powerful, important, and well liked. Although it is their ultimate goal to attain these characteristics most businessmen have their priorities in order; family and kids come before success, work, and all of the previously mentioned. Yet Willy Loman’s priorities in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman are completely the opposite of what they should be. By having his priorities mixed up Willy drives Biff away from him, turns Happy in to an attention seeking fool, and creates misery for his wife. Sadly, Willy Loman thinks success and fame are more important than his relationships with the members of his family. It is obvious in reading Death of a Salesman that Biff was very important to Willy. That doesn’t mean they weren’t destined to have problems. The main problem was that Willy feels if Biff enjoys his life working on ranches instead of trying to become a business player he is wasting his life. Instead of accepting Biff’s decision to enjoy himself rather than work to become successful Willy takes the childish route and insults Biff every chance he gets. â€Å"Willy: No, you’re no good, you’re no good for anything.† (Death of a Salesman, 1260.) Every time Willy pushes Biff to make something of himself the two grow farther apart. As you know this is generally not good for a family relationship. Sometimes Willy is so focused on Biff’s and his own success both Willy and the readers forget that he has another son. Somewhere along the line Willy became so wrapped up in the potential success of Biff he forgot about poor Happy. Since Happy doesn’t get any attention from anyone he constantly says annoying, outrageous statements all the time just to become noticed by his father. â€Å"Happy: I’m gonna get married. Willy: Keep up the good work. (Changes the subject back to Biff) God†¦remember that Ebbets Field game? The championship of the city?† (Death of a S... Free Essays on Success Of A Salesman Free Essays on Success Of A Salesman In the world of business it is everyone’s dream to become rich, powerful, important, and well liked. Although it is their ultimate goal to attain these characteristics most businessmen have their priorities in order; family and kids come before success, work, and all of the previously mentioned. Yet Willy Loman’s priorities in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman are completely the opposite of what they should be. By having his priorities mixed up Willy drives Biff away from him, turns Happy in to an attention seeking fool, and creates misery for his wife. Sadly, Willy Loman thinks success and fame are more important than his relationships with the members of his family. It is obvious in reading Death of a Salesman that Biff was very important to Willy. That doesn’t mean they weren’t destined to have problems. The main problem was that Willy feels if Biff enjoys his life working on ranches instead of trying to become a business player he is wasting his life. Instead of accepting Biff’s decision to enjoy himself rather than work to become successful Willy takes the childish route and insults Biff every chance he gets. â€Å"Willy: No, you’re no good, you’re no good for anything.† (Death of a Salesman, 1260.) Every time Willy pushes Biff to make something of himself the two grow farther apart. As you know this is generally not good for a family relationship. Sometimes Willy is so focused on Biff’s and his own success both Willy and the readers forget that he has another son. Somewhere along the line Willy became so wrapped up in the potential success of Biff he forgot about poor Happy. Since Happy doesn’t get any attention from anyone he constantly says annoying, outrageous statements all the time just to become noticed by his father. â€Å"Happy: I’m gonna get married. Willy: Keep up the good work. (Changes the subject back to Biff) God†¦remember that Ebbets Field game? The championship of the city?† (Death of a S...

Monday, March 2, 2020

Biography of Wilbur Wright, Aviation Pioneer

Biography of Wilbur Wright, Aviation Pioneer Wilbur Wright (1867-1912) was one half of the aviation pioneering duo known as the Wright Brothers. Together with his brother Orville Wright, Wilbur Wright invented the first airplane to make the first manned and powered flight possible. Wilbur Wrights Early Life Wilbur Wright was born on April 16, 1867, in Millville, Indiana. He was the third child of Bishop Milton Wright and Susan Wright. After his birth, the family moved to Dayton, Ohio. Bishop Wright has in the habit of bringing his sons souvenirs from his church travels. One such souvenir was a whirling top toy, that sparked the Wright Brothers lifelong interest in flying machines. In 1884, Wilbur completed high school and the next year he attended special classes in Greek and trigonometry, however, a hockey accident and his mothers illness and death kept Wilbur Wright from finishing his college education. The Wright Brothers Early Career Ventures   On March 1, 1889, Orville Wright began publishing the short-lived West Side News, a weekly newspaper for West Dayton. Wilbur Wright was the editor and Orville was the printer and publisher. All his life, Wilbur Wright teamed with his brother Orville to develop various businesses and enterprises. Among the Wright Brothers various enterprises were a printing firm and a bicycle shop. Both of these ventures showcased their mechanical aptitude, business sense, and originality. The Pursuit of Flight Wilbur Wright was inspired by the work of German glider Otto Lilienthal, which  led to his desire to fly and his belief that manned flight was possible. Wilbur Wright read everything available on the then-new science of aviation- including all the Smithsonians technical papers on aviation- to study the projects of other aviators. Wilbur Wright thought of a novel solution to the problem of flight, which he described as a simple system that twisted, or warped the wings of a biplane, causing it to roll right and left. Wilbur Wright made history with the first-ever heavier-than-air, manned, powered flight in 1903. Wilbur Wrights Writings In 1901, Wilbur Wrights article, Angle of Incidence, was published in the Aeronautical Journal, and Die Wagerechte Lage Wahrend des Gleitfluges, was published in Ilustrierte Aeronautische Mitteilungen. These were the Wright Brothers first published writings on aviation. The same year, Wilbur Wright gave a speech to the Western Society of Engineers on the Wright Brothers gliding experiments. The Wrights First Flight On December 17, 1903,  Wilbur and Orville Wright made the first free, controlled, and sustained flights in a power-driven, heavier-than-air machine. The first flight was piloted by Orville Wright at 10:35 a.m., the plane stayed twelve seconds in the air and flew 120 feet. Wilbur Wright piloted the longest flight that day in the fourth test, fifty-nine seconds in the air and 852 feet. Wilbur Wrights Death In 1912 Wilbur Wright died after suffering from typhoid fever.

Saturday, February 15, 2020

Mark Twain used his writings to condemn hypocrisy because he feels Essay

Mark Twain used his writings to condemn hypocrisy because he feels that people should be able to tell the truth at all times.How - Essay Example In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck’s last statement that, â€Å"But I reckon I got to light out for the territory ahead of the rest, because Aunt Sally she’s going to adopt me and sivilize me, and I can’t stand it. I been there before.† (Twain 569). Twain was trying to show the experience of Huck with Aunt Sally. Huck tries to explain that he has been enlightened before people of his age and this could be due to the fact that Huck started learning to be ‘sivilized’ at a tender age. ‘Territory’ in this context could be said to mean ‘the Indian territory’, hence, Huck’s first sentence could be said to mean that he had wanted to be independent before people of his age. Huck’s next statement that ‘because Aunt Sally she’s going to adopt me and sivilize me, and I can’t stand it. I been there before’ was used by Huck to kick against his adoption by Aunt Sally as he knows tha t Sally is someone that would try to instill some societal values and norms in him and he has had this experience before and this is something that he did not enjoy in any way. Huck’s experience with the Widow Douglas and Miss Watson were actually the ‘sivilizing’ experience he had as she tried to reform Huck and make sure that he conformed to the societal rules and order.

Sunday, February 2, 2020

Basic Elements in Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Basic Elements in Behavior - Essay Example The main parts of human body include heart, the nervous system and the most important is the brain. The nervous system is the main route which helps to carry all the information to other parts of the body. It has always been a mystery that how a human brain works although many scientists have conducted many theories about it. Moreover it has now become evident that the first five years of a person’s life are the most important in the physical brain development. The human body contains a huge number of neurons. It is said that approximately one trillion neurons are required to control the human behavior. Neurons are considered as the basic elements of human behavior because they not only help in achieving our day to day physical activities but they help us to think, move, remember and feel all the emotions. They are just like chip in a computer which is used to transfer information from one part to the other. As it is believed that there is something inside our body which contr ols all the actions. This thing which controls our actions is called Neuron. (Feldman, 2009, p. 114). Neurons are just like other cells of the body. Their body consists of a nucleus which tells that how the cell will perform its functions. Moreover the neurons have the ability of transmitting information to other neurons having long distances.

Saturday, January 25, 2020

Book Reviewwho fights who cares :: Essays Papers

Book Reviewwho fights who cares The book was based on a wide range of contributions, written and verbal, and has been edited together by Alex de Waal. He does not represent any of the views of any individual or government. The book â€Å"Who Fights Who Cares† is a very interesting book. The focus of the book is mainly towards the continent of Africa. Just about every thing that has to do with blacks in Africa will in some way effect African Americans. The book is broken up in to little sections in each chapter. The book talks about the sixteen countries in central Africa. The book breaks down everything that is corrupt in Africa that has to do with blacks. The first main section in the book talks about why is there war in Africa. There has been many wars in Africa sense the 1970’s. In the 90’s alone there was something like twelve wars in Africa. Many of the wars had been going on for years about the same thing. In Africa they also have wars called the â€Å"war next door† meaning that an ongoing conflict in going on during the war. This is what happens in the first part of the book. The next main section in the book talks about Improvements in military interventions. The people in Africa are saying that they need the unity of command for an effective intervention. They are also saying that if the military in each country were stronger then civilians would not die. The book also says â€Å"interventions troops should have public relation officers and humanitarian sections in each part of Africa†. A non- neutral humanitarian assistance is the conclusion to the book. Many

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Barrack Obama’s Speech on Racism

For two hundred and twenty one years, the United States of America has long been haunted by the blunders of racism. Within the past years, racism has caused a divisive line that sheltered hatred, anger and injustice within the hearts of Americans – whites, blacks and browns. And though the American constitution has promised the American people justice and liberty, the ideal of attaining an equal citizenship amongst the people has not been made possible.And yet, despite the years of struggle for fair race treatment, the vast land of America has still been tied to the bondage of racist commentaries and visions. And Barrack Obama’s speech has been keen on pin pointing the areas of blunders wherein racism waved stronger. Barrack Obama’s speech indeed fueled the issue of racism, not only through keen observation of what has happened in his environment, but also due to the fact that he was also part of the circle that harbored the evils of racism.The speech is keen on presenting the controversies and atrocities brought by upholding too much for one’s own race, unmindful whether it damaged and wounded the principles upheld by other race. Racism is not merely the fault of either the blacks or the whites; but rather, racism has been for ages an intense issue because both of the two sides were biased enough to hold grudges in their hearts. Racism is indeed endemic. It has caused concerns ranging from education, poverty, inequality and war.Adults and children of both genders and different hues, have suffered widely due to biased racial views. And it is even more heightened due to the human’s tendency of keeping angst and hatred in their hearts, and their natural tendency of pointing the bluff and blaming the other race for their sufferings. Although it is indeed true that at some point of their lives, the blacks suffered from extreme biasness and racist judgments. History has shown that blacks have been deprived of equal opportunities th at whites enjoyed.On the other hand, at some instances, whites have also been neglected and their growth impeded. But nonetheless, it is never proper and just to point the blame on neither of the races. If the people coming from different races will continue blaming other races for their misfortunes and lack of opportunities, their nation will be put into the deepest of slump. Prosperity and progress shall never come to a nation divided by color, gender, race and ethnicity. Racial issue is a part of the nation’s history; growth or demise; success or failure. As such, it is an issue that no one can ignore.And given that it is becoming more and more elated and heightened, the nation should come to a point of putting a decisive end against racial issue continuing to divide the people and the land. And as Obama stated, it is never possible to throw away a part of your personality. Being white or black is never one’s choice. It came from birth and from it, comes also the op portunities and challenges – positive or negative – that came uniquely with one’s identity and race. And whatever one has achieved in his/her life is due to his/her own choices and own calls.Indeed, America has come to a crucial point of ceasing racism and ethnocentrism from ripping off the country. As Obama stated, the people is entitled for an option. The people can opt to choose on having to shelter guilty feelings and hatred towards the other race or citizens of a color different to theirs. Or people can choose to embrace the differences and march along a line towards equality and cultural relativism. Equality reaches far more concerns other than giving education to children and youth, provision for jobs, and assurance for proper healthcare to all of the people.Equality should mean that each and every person in the country recognizes each other’s differences in color, race and ethnicity, and not minding those differences at all. If this is achieved, t hen the nation is ought to move towards progress. And this time, a kind of progress that extends to every citizen, every individual, regardless of gender, ethnic or race. This time, a nation that grows stronger in union is to be built. Reference Obama, Barrack. 18 March 2008. Transcript of Barrack Obama’s Speech. CNN. com. Retrieved April 14, 2007 from

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

Battle of Hastings and Williams Conquest

The Battle of Hastings was part of the invasions of England that followed the death of King Edward the Confessor in 1066.  William of Normandys victory at Hastings occurred on October 14, 1066. Armies and Commanders Normans William of NormandyOdo of Bayeux7,000-8,000 men Anglo-Saxons Harold Godwinson7,000-8,000 men Background: With the death of King Edward the Confessor in early 1066, the throne of England fell into dispute with multiple individuals stepping forward as claimants. Shortly after Edwards death, the English nobles presented the crown to Harold Godwinson, a powerful local lord. Accepting, he was crowned as King Harold II. His ascension to the throne was immediately challenged by William of Normandy and Harold Hardrada of Norway who felt they had superior claims. Both began assembling armies and fleets with the goal of supplanting Harold. Gathering his men at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme, William initially hoped to cross the Channel in mid-August. Due to foul weather, his departure was delayed and Hardrada arrived in England first. Landing in the north, he won an initial victory at Gate Fulford on September 20, 1066, but was defeated and killed by Harold at the Battle of Stamford Bridge five days later. While Harold and his army were recovering from the battle, William landed at Pevensey on September 28. Establishing a base near Hastings, his men constructed a wooden palisade and commenced raiding the countryside. To counter this, Harold raced south with his battered army, arriving on October 13. The Armies Form William and Harold were familiar with each other as they had fought together in France and some sources, such as the Bayeux Tapestry, suggest that the English lord had sworn an oath to support the Norman dukes claim to Edwards throne while in his service. Deploying his army, which was largely composed of infantry, Harold assumed a position along Senlac Hill astride the Hastings-London road. In this location, his flanks were protected by woods and streams with some marshy ground to their front right. With the army in line along the top of the ridge, the Saxons formed a shield wall and waited for the Normans to arrive. Moving north from Hastings, Williams army appeared on the battlefield on the morning of Saturday October 14. Arraying his army into three battles, composed of infantry, archers, and crossbowmen, William moved to attack the English. The center battle consisted of Normans under Williams direct control while the troops to his left were largely Bretons led by Alan Rufus.  The right battle was made up of French soldiers and was commanded by William FitzOsbern and Count Eustace of Boulogne. Williams initial plan called for his archers to weaken Harolds forces with arrows, then for infantry and cavalry assaults to break through the enemy line (Map). William Triumphant This plan began to fail from the outset as the archers were unable to inflict damage due to the Saxons high position on the ridge and the protection offered by the shield wall. They were further hampered by a shortage of arrows as the English lacked archers.  As a result, there were no arrows to gather and reuse. Ordering his infantry forward, William soon saw it pelted with spears and other projectiles which inflicted heavy casualties. Faltering, the infantry withdrew and the Norman cavalry moved in to attack. This too was beaten back with the horses having difficulty climbing the steep ridge. As his attack was failing, Williams left battle, composed primarily of Bretons, broke and fled back down the ridge. It was pursued by many of the English, who had left the safety of the shield wall to continue the killing. Seeing an advantage, William rallied his cavalry and cut down the counterattacking English. Though the English rallied on a small hillock, they were ultimately overwhelmed. As the day progressed, William continued his attacks, possibly feigning several retreats, as his men slowly wore down the English. Late in the day, some sources indicate that William altered his tactics and ordered his archers to shoot at a higher angle so that their arrows fell on those behind the shield wall. This proved lethal for Harolds forces and his men began to fall. Legend states that he was hit in the eye with an arrow and killed. With the English taking casualties, William ordered an assault which finally broke through the shield wall. If Harold was not struck by an arrow, he died during this attack. With their line broken and king dead, the many of the English fled with only Harolds personal bodyguard fighting on until the end. Battle of Hastings Aftermath In the Battle of Hastings it is believed that William lost approximately 2,000 men, while the English suffered around 4,000. Among the English dead was King Harold as well as his brothers Gyrth and Leofwine. Though the Normans were defeated in the Malfosse immediately after the Battle of Hastings, the English did not meet them again in a major battle. After pausing two weeks at Hastings to recover and wait for the English nobles to come and submit to him, William began marching north towards London. After enduring a dysentery outbreak, he was reinforced and closed on the capital. As he approached London, the English nobles came and submitted to William, crowning him king on Christmas Day 1066. Williams invasion marks the last time that Britain was conquered by an outside force and earned him the nickname the Conqueror.